Matrix Clause Definition and Examples

Henry Steck s Ideologies- Corporatization Of Higher...

Henry Steck’s Ideologies- Corporatization of Higher Education Steck explains the political shift of academia into the conscious of a corporate - based businesses. By the mid-90s, corporations transcended a physical fixture of the landscape, being integrated in the university itself through intangible means such as the internet. How so? Google is the enterprise that controls electronic research and the transfer of the university s email system. On a personal note, the new age has taken over the former physical bookstore on the UC campus- now dominated by school-pride related merchandise. He further writes of the composition of academic integrity as he systemically categorizes the subtle absorption of corporate culture on the majority of the university s aspects. The imposition of corporate practices regarding management and the fiscal in the school s operations, as Steck calls it the appropriation of intellectual labor for profit. As a result, there is a loss of research-base d autonomy and the aforementioned honesty. Both faculty and alumni experience forms of corporatization through department structure and the adaption of management of responsibility and ethical practices for self-improvement to ultimately respond to the demand of political assessment within each specified field. â€Å"My premise is that the values of the market and the culture and organizational style of corporate life are changing the university†, (Steck, 68.) Further, he analogizes this

Characterization of sonnys blues Essay Example For Students

Characterization of sonnys blues Essay In this story, Baldwin writes about two brothers who grew together. As each of the boys grew older, they fell apart from one another and lived two completely different lives. Baldwin carefully establishes the brothers as opposites. The narrator (the older brother)lHe is a cautious, respectable family manlHe teaches math and is proud of his professional standinglSeem to be more conservative and more determined for a good future. lHis major source of discontent has been his selfish desire to assimilate and lead a respectable, safe life as a high-school algebra teacher. lWhen he learns of Sonnys troubles with drugs and the law, he feels threatened. lFor him, the way he lives now is safe, and all Sonny does are dangerous. lLiving in a Harlem housing project, he consciously protects himself from the dangers that surround himSonny (the younger brother)lHe is a romantic artist who is not afraid of taking risks to pursue the things he desires. lHis passion for music makes him impatient with everything else. He drops out of schoollMore free-willed and did not even know what his plans were for the next our, much less for the rest of his lifelIn his brothers view he is wild but not hard or evil or disrespectfullHe also tries to stay away from danger. He has several things that he is trying to escape, he tries to escape by joining the military, but fails. He tries to escape through drugs and fails. The drugs become another to try and escape but only compound his problem. Later, he decides that the only escape he can get from his problems is those moments when he can immerse himself in his music. Music becomes his escape

The recession of 2007

Abstract The 21st Century experienced a financial crisis which followed the recession that began in December 2007 lasting up to June 2009. The objective of this paper is to explain the main cause of this crisis and its effect on the international financial system as well as the economies of the affected counties. It gives a background of the â€Å"boom and bust† of the housing bubble which was the major cause of the financial crisis as the house prices fell leading to loss of the security value.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The recession of 2007-2009 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, the financial institutions to which these securities belonged suffered great losses. The rate of unemployment increased to 10% in 2009 from 5% in 2008(â€Å"Bureau of labor statistics: unemployment rate† par 1). The federal funding interest rates dropped to zero (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 4). The gross domestic product on the other hand decreased by approximately 5.1% and the loss of payroll jobs was at about 6.1 %( â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 1). The Federal Reserve rates reduced to zero which was the lowest they point of measure for the rates. They depended on other programs to revive the economy including quantitative easing which was divided into three phases QE1, QE2 and QE3. In addition, there were other monetary policies like Operation Twist and Trouble Assistance Program (TARP). The government resulted to tax cuts as well an increased government spending (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 2). These monetary and fiscal policies seemed to have a positive impact on the economy with the GDP rose from 0.4% in the fourth quarter of 2012 to 2.5%in the first quarter of 2013. Introduction The international and the US financial system were threatened as a result of the 2007-2009 recession. This paper examines the factors that led to the recession and provides a critical evaluation of the monetary and fiscal policy measures undertaken by policy makers. Section 2 analyses the factors that led to the recession. Section 3 describes the impact of the financial crisis on the economy. Section 4 focuses on monetary policy and fiscal policies undertaken by the FED and the government to resolve the crisis. This fact is followed by Section 5 which evaluates the impact of these monetary and fiscal policies while Section 6 assesses the current state of the economy after the crisis. The final section presents the conclusion. Causes of the recession Commercial banks were the only financial institutions that gave mortgages in the 1970’s. These mortgages could not be resold as there was no secondary market in which to sell them. Mortgages and other loans began to be securitized by banks to enable them to be sold in the secondary markets. The mortgages were grouped together to create mortgage-backed securities (MBS) then sol d to investors (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 1). However, the banks had a difficult time in reselling the mortgages because no investor was willing to risk purchasing them as they feared incurring losses when the borrower defaulted.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To deal with this problem, government sponsored enterprises (GSE) like the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) established in 1938 and 1970 respectively came into perspective. They acted as middlemen between the investors and the banks by purchasing the mortgages from the banks, securitized them, and then resold the MBS to investors. This fact enabled banks to earn more money which they could then use to give other loans. More households were able to obtain loans hence increasing home ownership as well as the price of housi ng. By the year 2000, investment banks and other shadow banking systems were participating in the mortgage-backed securities business as they were more profitable than other securities. The thriving housing business also attracted international business people who invested in the US real estate sector (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 1). A recession hit the US in 2001 and was worsened by the September 11th terrorist attack .To tackle the recession, the FED reduced the federal fund rate from 3.0% to 2.5% the same year. In 2002, lenders began issuing subprime lending which was the granting of loans to unworthy credit borrowers. These borrowers were then given adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) loans which required them to only state their income and were therefore not subjected to any credit assessment( â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 1). The ARM loans allowed the borrower to pay lower rates in the first two or three years after which they would be increased. Thi s easy access to credit increased the demand for home ownership and so the price of housing increased (â€Å"Federal reserve board† opinion on lending standards† par 2). In the event that the borrower could not pay, he was able to sell the house at a profit. In 2004, the FED realized that it had erred in overly reducing the taxes and to fix this it increased taxation (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 3). As a result, housing prices began to reduce in 2006 and the borrowers could not make any profit from the sale of their houses as the value of the mortgage-backed securities had also plummeted. Subprime mortgage borrowers started defaulting in their payments which led to the lender foreclosing on them and reselling the houses which led to the housing prices declining further. The financial firms that owned these securities suffered great losses. Although the commercial banks were also affected, the investment banks like the Lehman Brothers and Bear Stearns we re grievously affected. This fact is because they were highly leveraged meaning that a huge part of their operating money was â€Å"borrowed† money from the investors and the remaining small amount was theirs. GSEs were not spared either; Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were ruined and therefore declared bankrupt. The financial market plummeted and the recession began.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The recession of 2007-2009 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The impact of the financial crisis on the US economy The financial crisis of 2007-2009 hit the US economy so â€Å"hard† that it left the stock market, employment rates, GDP and other sectors plummeting. In the 3rd quarter of 2008, the GDP was at 5.6% below its potential rank, while the rate of unemployment was at 10% in 2009 up from 5 % in 2008(â€Å"Federal reserve economic data† par 1). Approximately 8.8 million people were left jobless after the recession struck (â€Å"Bureau of labor statistics† par 1). Housing prices went up by about 30% in the year 2008. Individuals close to 5.4 million gave up searching for employment and resulted to the Federal Disability Support. As the inflation continued, median household earnings went down to approximately $49,500 in 2010(Manuel 1). The stock market also plunged with Dow Jones Industrial Average declining by 20% to close at 6,763.29 on the 2nd of March 2009(â€Å"Yahoo finance:DJIA historical prices† par 1). Monetary and fiscal policies The Federal Reserve undertook several measures in terms of monetary policies in order to stabilize the economy and minimize the damage to the financial system. The FED had lowered the federal funding rate to zero and could not lower it any further and opted for other means. In March 2008, the FED gave financial firms including investment banks short term loans to enable them to run their daily operations. Primary dealers that stuck with mortgage-backed securities that had lost value were provided with treasury securities worth up to $200 million (â€Å"FRBSF: crisis and response† par 2). Apart from providing liquidity, the FED facilitated the acquisition of collapsing investment banks like Bear sterns, Lehman Brothers, Government Sponsored Enterprises like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by the government to save the economy from further damages that came with investors’ withdrawal of funds(FRBSF: crisis and response† par 2). In October, 2008, the Trouble Assistance Relief program was launched that saw the FED buying stock from financial institutions so as to provide the former with money. The FED also embarked on a program known as quantitative easing, a non-traditional monetary policy where by the FED directs money into the economy by purchasing commercial banks and other private financial institutions’ financial assets in a bid to improve the economy. This quantitative easing wa s divided into three stages named QE1, QE2 and QE3.QE1 involved the easing of credit where the FED bought mortgage-backed securities and other debts from the banks and in exchange, the banks would be able to increase their reserves. After QE1 failed to revive the economy, QE2 was launched and FED began buying treasury securities hoping to stimulate demand.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Evaluation of monetary and fiscal policies The FED decided to provide financial institutions with funds to ease the credit market which had frozen and to reduce taxes so as to raise consumer spending as the two would have worsened the already strained financial system (â€Å"CNN money: Economy† par 1). Although the decision to save the collapsing investment banks was a tough one, the FED opted to bail them out instead of letting the economy plummet further. The recession had left the government budget with a deficit due to the reduced tax returns but economists believe that the $825 billion stimulus package plunged the government into more debt as it had to result in borrowing to compensate for the extra expenditure. The borrowing would increase interest rates so as to fund the economy’s recovery. The increased government expenditure is also believed to reduce private expenditure by â€Å"crowding† them out (â€Å"Economy. Help: criticisms of fiscal policiesâ⠂¬  par1). Current state of the economy The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has increased from 0.4% in the 4th quarter of 2012 to 2.5% in the first quarter of 2013(â€Å"Bureau of economic analysis: US economy at a glance† par 1). The unemployment rate has decreased from 10% in 2009 to 7.5% in April, 2013.Payroll jobs have increased by 165,000 as of April, 2013(â€Å"Wells Fargo: economic forecast† par 1). Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Graph Source : http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/glance.htm Conclusion The 2007-2009 recession was not the first economic crisis in the world. Other crises have been experienced like The Great Depression of 1929-1933, the 1982 recession as well as the 2001 recession. Certain similarities can be made in all the said recessions. In both 1929 and 2007, there were long-term unemployment rates, rising inequality in the wealth gap and inflation rate. However, certain differences exist. In 1929, the real estate market was not badly affected and th e prime lending rate (PLR) did not go up like it did in 2007 and in 1929. The PRL rates in 1929 went up by about 20% while in 2007 they remained at 1% through the recession. The lessons that can be made from this crisis include enforcement of appropriate regulation on financial institutions as well as adherence to standard lending rates by major business firms. Works Cited Bureau of Economic Analysis. US Economy at a Glance: Perspective from the BEA Accounts. April 3. 2013. Web. http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/glance.htm Bureau of Labor Statistics. Unemployment rate. April 3. 2013. Web. http://www.bls.gov/ CNN Money. Economy. April 3, 2013.Web. http://money.cnn.com/news/economy/ Economics Help. Criticisms of fiscal policies. April 4. 2013. http://www.economicshelp.org/macroeconomics/fiscal-policy/fiscal_policy_criticism.html Federal Reserve Board. Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices. April 3. 2013. Web. http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/snloansurvey/ Federal Reserve Economic Data. Federal funds rate. April 3. 201. Web. http://www.research.stlouisefed.org/fred2/ Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. FRBSF: Crisis and Response. April 3. 2013. Web http://www.frbsf.org/econanswers/ Manuel, D.Dave Manuel.com. Median household income in the US. May 3. 2013. April 4, 2013. Web. www.davemanuel.com/median-household-income.php Wells Fargo Securities. Economic forecast. April 3. 2013.Web. https://www.wellsfargo.com/com/research/economics/economic_commentary Yahoo Finance. Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA); Historical prices. April 3. 2013.Web. http://www. finance. Yahoo.com/q/hp? This report on The recession of 2007-2009 was written and submitted by user Brianna Conway to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Taoism Essay Research Paper The original form free essay sample

Taoism Essay, Research Paper The original signifier of Taoism is sometimes called philosophical Taoism or classical Taoism. Taoism neer even had a name until Buddhism came to China. It was nameless. Lao Tzu even states that? Tao? is merely used because it is the closest word in significance. Nothing can be said about the Tao without taking off from the significance. When Taoism eventually was acknowledged, it changed from its rigorous philosophical way to a spiritual one, with its ain priests and holy work forces. For many centuries Taoism was merely a manner of life followed by provincial, husbandman and gentleman philosopher and creative person. They reflected and mediated. They learned from the highest instructor, nature. They meditated utilizing the energy traveling through their organic structures and mapped out the roads and waies it traveled upon. Each adult male and adult female was his or her ain priest. The connexion with the Godhead or Tao was the sacred trust of each person. We will write a custom essay sample on Taoism Essay Research Paper The original form or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Taoism was said to hold been created by the male parent of Taoism, Lao Tzu, which means? Old Sage. ? Lao Tzu was born in 1321 B.C. He was the keeper of the archives at the imperial tribunals. The fable has it that he went to the West boundary line at age 80, sad because work forces were unwilling to follow the way of natural goodness. At the western boundary line, a guard named Yin Xi asked Lao Tzu to enter his instructions to him. Lao Tzu so wrote the Tao Te Ching. In Lao Tzu # 8217 ; s view things were said to make Wei or unnatural action by determining desires or yu. The procedure of larning the names called Ming used in the philosophies helped people to make up ones mind which what good and immorality, beautiful and ugly, high and low, and # 8220 ; being # 8221 ; ( yu ) and # 8220 ; non- being # 8221 ; ( Wu ) . He believed that those who seek for and follow the Tao are strong of organic structure, clear of head, and crisp of sight and hearin g. Followings of the Tao do non lade their head with anxiousnesss of the universe, and are flexible to alter. This meant that desiring and desire was unnecessary because it was portion of the Way. To abandon cognition was to abandon names, differentiations, gustatory sensations and desires. Therefore self-generated behaviour ( wu-wei ) resulted. Wu-Wei, which is a major subject in Taoism, is to make things in such a manner that it does non look like there is any attempt involved. To make this meant to be without witting idea merely like nature exists. It is allowing travel of the secular idea and action so that the Tao might come in. Subsequently in 399 B.C followed Chuang Tzu, who was labeled as the following great voice after Lao Tzu. Chuang Tzu developed even further what Lao Tzu had written approximately. He adapted what Lao Tzu taught approximately mystical acquisition and positions. Chuang Tzu? s authorship was more developed and clearly stated so Lao Tzu. He besides emphasized the topographic point worlds have in nature. He believed that people should be at peace while traveling with the universe. He thought that different emotions lead to certain actions like compassion leads to courage or humbleness leads to leading. Taoist thoughts and images inspired the Chinese to love nature and to occasional retreat to it from the attentions of the universe to rest and mend. It besides inspired an intense avowal of physical life from wellness, wellbeing, and verve, to even immortality. Taoism took a bend toward the supernatural. Some Taoists searched for # 8220 ; isles of the immortals, # 8221 ; or for herbs or chemical compounds that could guarantee immortality and thaumaturgy but Taoists were more interested in wellness and verve the hunt for immortality. Bibliography Feibleman, James K. Drugs: Interactions. New York, New American Library, 1976

Free Essays on Questioning Modern Technology In Crowd Control

Questioning Modern Technology in Crowd Control Controlling riots is a difficult task for any government with a desire to keep peace as well as protect the constitutional rights of it’s citizens. Under the United States Constitution, the Congress is forbidden to make laws â€Å"abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble.† However, at times, it is a difficult task for a government to determine whether it’s people are a peaceful opposition or an inevitable riot. In the event of a riot, police or military are sent into the middle of mass confusion and chaos in an attempt to suppress or contain the tumultuous situation. In the past, police who were ordered to suppress the opposition with only guns or bare hands were not only a danger to the public, but to themselves as well. Modern technology and non-lethal weapons are allowing police to more efficiently and less physically handle riots and protests. Riots occur for many different reasons whether they be differences between groups or grievance with the government. Rioters unhappy with the performance of their government for reasons such as famine, inflation, or differences between poor and wealthy will choose to riot out of anger and frustration and as a method of communication with the political system. Ethnic, religious, cultural, or political differences may also lead to physical violence between different groups. Relations between the groups may remain peaceful for long periods of time but a threat by one group to another may cause a serious disturbance. When large crowds lawfully gather for an event such as a spectacle sport, there is a great potential for large scale destruction. Persons taking part in the riot may lose a sense of their own identity and give up beliefs for survival or conformity (Deane-Drummond 1975) The United States Department of Justice has labeled groups with a greater potential for ca... Free Essays on Questioning Modern Technology In Crowd Control Free Essays on Questioning Modern Technology In Crowd Control Questioning Modern Technology in Crowd Control Controlling riots is a difficult task for any government with a desire to keep peace as well as protect the constitutional rights of it’s citizens. Under the United States Constitution, the Congress is forbidden to make laws â€Å"abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble.† However, at times, it is a difficult task for a government to determine whether it’s people are a peaceful opposition or an inevitable riot. In the event of a riot, police or military are sent into the middle of mass confusion and chaos in an attempt to suppress or contain the tumultuous situation. In the past, police who were ordered to suppress the opposition with only guns or bare hands were not only a danger to the public, but to themselves as well. Modern technology and non-lethal weapons are allowing police to more efficiently and less physically handle riots and protests. Riots occur for many different reasons whether they be differences between groups or grievance with the government. Rioters unhappy with the performance of their government for reasons such as famine, inflation, or differences between poor and wealthy will choose to riot out of anger and frustration and as a method of communication with the political system. Ethnic, religious, cultural, or political differences may also lead to physical violence between different groups. Relations between the groups may remain peaceful for long periods of time but a threat by one group to another may cause a serious disturbance. When large crowds lawfully gather for an event such as a spectacle sport, there is a great potential for large scale destruction. Persons taking part in the riot may lose a sense of their own identity and give up beliefs for survival or conformity (Deane-Drummond 1975) The United States Department of Justice has labeled groups with a greater potential for ca...

Summary of an article Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary of an article - Term Paper Example The criminal procedures over the 17th century to the 20th century treated the Anglo European American better while discriminating other races. Many races suffered xenophobic exclusion and segregation in the American society. The laws encourage the discrimination based on the race by treating the white or Anglo European immigrants as better citizens than the natives. These laws made it impossible for immigrant of other descends to obtain the necessary services that they require, leading to a serious problem in the process especially when handling issues of equity in the population. The failure to address the various issues was spearheaded by the discriminatory laws developed to protect the right of the Anglo European Americans. These laws led to massive discrimination which in Trinidad and Tobago. The perpetrators of the discrimination are referred to as Massa. The role of white supremacy in colonization and slavery is evaluated in relation to social development. Effect of colonizatio n on economy of Trinidad and Tobago The white settlers in Trinidad and Tobago changed allegiance in order to avoid abolition of slavery. The change of allegiance ensured that oppression is maintained and not abolished. The switching of allegiance led to war and changing of hands between the British, French, Dutch and eventually back to the British for Tobago. Trinidad was under Spain even though it had French colonists. The economy of Trinidad was controlled by the few whites with the view of accruing wealth. Several factors were considered in order to increase the oppression. The rights of Indians and African Immigrants were violated. For the Indians, the violation of their contracts was instigated while for Africans, the use of slavery was employed. The labor force of the country was affected greatly through massive immigration and mistreatment. For instance, a job that could be accomplished by one worker was scheduled to be done by three people. For example, the white colonist em ployed the use of human labor for simple stuff such as carrying of cigarettes or even keeping the master company (Williams 724). Such trivial use of human labor to show power illustrated the economic losses associated with the colonist. In addition, the commercial production of one type of product only led to over-dependence on imports. The locals and slaves planted sugar cane for the production of sugar, while they could not get basic food stuff like rice, beans, and milk. The main aim was to cripple the slaves to ensure they do not become financially independent. In order to achieve financial success, the colonist employed free labor from the slaves while also paying the Indians poorly. However, the involvement of the European government by passing laws abolishing slavery led to change of allegiance. In the process, war erupted between the countries further affecting the agricultural economy. The dependence on sugar was viewed as a major challenge to the economy in case of disease outbreak or collapse of the sugar market. The complaint lodged by the British Government was not dealt with and the colonist continued with segregation and discrimination until the rise of civil movement (Williams 727). From a global perspective, slaves and other races learnt of the movement and success of the various civil rights